Record-sheet and method of making the same.



E. 0. SCHWEITZER.

. RECORD SHEET AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 21. 19l4.

1,149,295. Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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RECORD SHEET AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME;

' APPLICATION FILED 0502!, 1914.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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nnoonnsrrnn'r Ann Mnrrron or MAKING THE SAME.

Specification of Laiers' am. Patented A110. 1o, 1915.

Original application a ea au st 12, 1911, Serial No. 43,709; Div-idea as this application filed pecem'ber j2'1,1a1a. seriainasifaae'e.

To all whom it may concern: 4 7

Be it known that I, MUND O. S'orrwnrrznn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of" Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and:

useful Improvement in Record-Sheets and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being-had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. r l

My invention relates to a record sheet and method of making the same.

'chart or record sheet.

moving pointer.

Heretofore, in recording actions or events .the occurrence of which is influenced bya" number of independent variables, it has been found difficult to record more than two variables upon a plane surface such as. a

For instance, in attempting to record the movement of a swinging pointer such as the-pointer of an electrical indicating instrument, it has been found impossible to record legibly the variables of direction of swing,amplitude of movement and velocity of movement upon a stationary record sheet. The influence of j any further variables such as would go to make up a fourth, fifth, etc, degree equation could obviously not be recorded since the record sheet itself consists only of two dimensional space'bein'g plane surface.

Devices of the prior art'have'been built" to record the occurrence of actions or events influenced by three independent variables by all because of the difliculties of feeding for ward the record sheetp andfsecondlbeca-use the record sheet will necessarily be lengthy and difficult of'access because of its length and expensive on account of the quantity of: paper which must be fed forward.

The present in'ventionis briefly "described L adopt.

.'. but not claimed in niyicopendingiapplication,'Serial' No. (543,709' filed August 12th, '1911, of which the present' application is divisional. J

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved Frecord strip; together wlth the means and method of making the same. w

The presentinvention especially applicable to recording transient effects or phenomena and I have chosen to illustrating the same as embodied in mechanism for recording the operation of synchronizing alternating current generators. The pointer of'the synchroscope moves with a variable velocity, variable amplitude and Variable direction and it is these three independent variables that I record upon the stationary record sheet which is part of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings which form apart "of the present application, Figure l'is a front elevation of asynchroscope having recording mechanism attached and showing the stationary record sheet which l employ. Fig. 2 1s a dlagrammatical representation of the mechanism for causing the impressions to be made, upon the record sheet. Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view of a part of therecord sheet shown in Fig.1. Fig. 4 is ane'xplanatory diagram.

In the structure shown in Fig. 1 the syn ohroscope 1 is provided with a pointer 2 moving over the face of the instrument'with a variable speed and direction of movement. The record sheet 3 is fed across the face of the instrument between the face and the moving pointer. A ring 4 of conducting material is inlaid in the face of the instrument and forms astationaryterminal electrodecooperating with'laYmoiiabI'eelectrede 5 attached to the undersid e of the f moving pointer 2 and shown in dott ed'linesin'Fig.

1. A paper strip 3 is fed from. a roller 6 at the ierror the instrument acrossa feeding roller to a ta1 e u 5-s peo1*s loack 'of fthe same. A spring motor not shown, feeds the paper forward at intervals as may be determined by a releasing electro-magnet 9, the armature .ofwhich normally engages apin 10 on the feed roller to hold the record strip in a stationary position.

This allows the record strip to move forward a predetermined distance each time the electro-magnet 9 is energized all as is more fully set out in the parent application. The electro-magnet 9 is energized by means of circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 2 immediately after each recording operation. The record strip 3 is provided with a reference mark 11 to indicate the Zero or reference position and on the sides of the reference position are print ed indications slow and fast to indicate to the switchman the condition of the machine which he is synchronizing with the machine in operation. This indication is given by the pointer 2. Vhen two machines are to be connected the synchroscope is con' nected across the terminals of both. If the machine which is to be thrown in is rotating above synchronism, the pointer rotates in a clockwise direction, that is, it moves with reference to the zero point in the direction of the legend fast; conversely if the machine is running below speed of synchronism the pointer 2 rotates counterclockwise or in the direction of the legend slow. The mechanism for doing this forms no part of the present invention and is not herein illustrated. Suffice it to say that the speed of rotation in a given direction represents the clegree in which the two machines are out of phase. An adjustable finger 8 is secured to the top of the instrument and marks definitely the zero position of the pointer 2. The paper feeding mechanism when operated advances the record strip sufficient to bring the reference mark 11 directly in alinement with the finger 8. The ring 1 and the electrode 5 are connected to the terminals of an induction coil which produces periodical pulsations of current which pass between the electrodes in the form of sparks and perforate the record sheet.

In Fig. 2, I have illustrated diagrammatically the circuit arrangement for operating the paper feed and the induction coil for causing perforations. A manual switch 13 which is closed simultaneously with closure of the controlling switch for the main oil switches which connect the incoming machines to the bus bars, closes the circuit of the primary of the induction coil to cause the sparks to pass at regular timed intervals between the ring and the pointer through the record sheet. The induction coil begins to operate at or just previous to the time when the machines are actually connected together. The vibrator 14 of the induction coil is in eifect a pen dulum and produces regularly timed breaks and makes of the current in the primary winding 15. As a consequence, the perforations in the paper will occur at regularly timed intervals, in order to produce the legible record as will be described later. Closing of the switch 13 also closes the circuit of the controlling relay 16 to raise the contact 17 above the swinging terminals 18 of the actuating circuit for the magnet 9. Upon opening of the switch 13 the contact 17 is allowed to drop and close the circuit of the tripping magnet 9 in order to advance the record sheet to expose a fresh surface. It will be noted that the energizing circuit for the relays 9 is not closed on the upward movement of the contact 17 since the swinging arms 18 have protecting plates of insulation to prevent contact being made. However on the downward movement of contact 1'? the circuit is closed and the paper feed is released. The feed of paper thus occurs immediately after arecording operation. The mechanism for advancing the record strip forms no part of the present invention, the same being claimed in the parent application.

In Fig. 3 I have shown on an enlarged scale, a record sheet upon which a record has been made. The perforations 20 on the left of the reference point 11, are shown as evenly spaced indicating that the pointer was moving with substantially uniform velocity. The perforations to the right of the reference mark 11 are spaced with increasing distance indicating that at this position the pointer was moving with increasing velocity.

I shall now explain with the aid of Fig. 1 the manner in which it is possible to record by a single linear graph the occurrence of an action or cycle of events which is affected by a pluralit of independent variables. Assume that t e pointer has described the path shown in the full line S of Fig. 4t and has left a record of this path by the perforations indicated by the small circles. The first variable which is recorded in a legible manner is the direction. of motion from the reference point 11. This is known because the attendant or switchman always throws the switch when the pointer stands practi' cally at Zero. The next variable that may be legibly recorded is the distance or amplitude of movement which I have indicated by the reference character a. It is now important to determine the third variable factor, viz. speed or time-rate of movement of the pointer. Inasmuch as the perforations are made at regliilarly-timed intervals, the time represented by the distance between any two consecutive punctures may be represented by the character (Zt indicating an increment of time. Considering the part of the path defined by lines a and a, the mean speed during this part of the path may be represented by the equation But as a ove explained the increment of fame is known to be constant the distance It can be seen that velocity at a given I point on the, path is proportioned to the space between punctures and that the mean speed would be proportional to the sum of the distances between successive sparks, di-

vided by the, number of spark punctures.

It is also possible to determine the acceleration with which the pointer was moving by noting the rate of increase or decrease of distance between spark punctures.

From theabove discussion it can be seen that I am able to record more than two variables upon a given plane in this case, a stationary record sheet. a

The present invention is applicable not only to thegrecording of synchronizing of two generators but may be applied as well to recording the'. occurrence of any transient phenomenon such as the operation of voltmeters, ammeters l and wattmeters in fact, of almost any electrical instrument as well as the action of lighting arresters and in fact the same is applicable'in any situation in which it is desiredto record the eifect of a plurality of variables. The invention is not confined'to the recording of three variables but may be employed in recording any number of variables. It is obvious that the manner in which my invention may be practised will be varied to meet difi'erent conditions of operation, the present disclosure be ing merely such a disclosure as is contemplated by the statutes in requiring an illustrative embodiment to be described.

I am employing the term intensity as describing the quality. of the graph, which has to do with the spacing of the punctures of which it is composed. If the punctures are closer together, I consider the graph to be more intense; and, if they are farther apart, I' consider the graph to be less intense. Y

What I claim as new and desire to protect by "Letters Patent is the following:

1. The method of recording the continuous movement of a pointer which consists in causing a series of instantaneous impressions to'be made upon a stationary surface at regularly-timed intervals, said impressions showing the position of said pointer at those instants.

2. The method of recording the continuous movement of a swinging pointer which consists inf causing a series of consecutive impressions to be made of the instantaneous positio ifof said pointer at regularly timed intervals.

3. The method of recording an action or phenomenon which consists in causing a pointer to move in a linear path over a stationarylrecord sheet, in causing said pointer to move ini-a continuous manner with variable sp'eed accordance with the progress of saidg action and simultaneously causing a series of consecutive impressions of the instantaneous-position of the pointer to be made on the. recordsheet at regular time intervals. j wj 4. The method of recording upon a stationarylrecord sheet the extent and speed of movement of; a moving ointer which consists in passing series =0 sparks between the pointer and the record sheet at brief regularly timed intervals to cause a series of punctures showing the successive positions of said 'pointer during its continued movement. .1

- In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 19th day of December A. D.

EDMUND O. SCHWEITZER. Witnesses:

ERNEST W. RAPALEE, 'Ronnn'r D. SURGEON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained tor five cents each, by addressing the f Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0. 

